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- Who Discovered Chocolate
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- Who Invented the Snickers Candy Bar
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Who Discovered Chocolate
Chocolate is one of the best foods on Earth. Other than its taste, chocolate is a multitasking food: it relieves depression, contains rich antioxidants, and even acts as an aphrodisiac. It has vegetable proteins, fats, and complex carbohydrates.
A huge amount of minerals such as magnesium, potassium, sodium, and iron are found in chocolates. A bar of chocolate, preferably with 50% cocoa content or higher, has more than enough supply of vitamins A1, B1, B2, D, and E. Chocolate is made from cocoa butter, cocoa paste, and sugar.
Who discovered chocolate
Long before Christopher Columbus arrived on the Americas, the Aztecs had been consuming chocolates in their original form for at least 4000 years. Legend has it that chocolate came from the Theobroma cacao. The tree is said to have come from the Amazon and Orinoco basins. The Aztecs called chocolate as the food of the gods.
On his way to the Caribbean sometime in 1502, Columbus passed the islands of Guanaja, near Honduras. On reaching the shore he was greeted and welcomed by the locals with a bag of cocoa beans. The Aztecs of the island offered the beans in exchange for goods. Columbus turned them down because he found the chocolate drink too offensive for his taste. The locals called the strange concoction Xocolatl. Columbus sailed back to Spain.
Another European came around 17 years later. Hernan Cortez was welcomed in the same fashion by Moctezuma. The Aztec king lived in Tenochtitlan and adored chocolates. Like Columbus, Hernan Cortez did not like the chocolate’s smell and taste either, but he well understood how valuable chocolate beans were. He schemed a plan to put Moctezuma away. He connived with a few locals and succeeded at his plan. Cortez built cocoa plantations all over the Caribbean. In time he brought his harvest home and endeared himself to the rest of the Spanish empire. Soon chocolate was widely known as “brown gold” across the Americas and Europe.
Next, chocolate found its way into every European’s house. The “solid” chocolate bar was popularized by the Dutch around the 18th century.
Kinds of chocolate
In general there are around 7 kinds of chocolates out on the market today: Unsweetened chocolate, milk chocolate, semi-sweet chocolate, bittersweet chocolate, white chocolate, and dark chocolate. The most popular of these is milk chocolate. It contains about 10% cocoa.
Chocolates and health
Chocolate comes from cocoa beans so it is supposed to have all the healthful goodness of cocoa beans. Cocoa beans belong to dark vegetable family. They are rich in flavonoids. Flavonoids are special antioxidants that protect the body from aging. They also clean up free radicals. Dark chocolates have as 8 times as much antioxidants as strawberries, and nearly 3 times that of red wine. Flavonoids help maintain a stable blood pressure by releasing nitric oxide and balancing hormones.
Moreover, dark chocolates (70% cocoa and above) contains a sizeable amount of resveratrol, said to be the “fountain youth.” The only other known rich source of resveratrol is red wine. Resveratrol has been shown to reverse aging.
But before you start gobbling up your dark bars, consider this: The study never suggests chocolate is a substitute for a day’s major meal.
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Who Invented the Snickers Candy Bar
The Snickers Candy Bar is one of the biggest selling chocolate treats globally, earning Mars, Inc over $2 billion every year in revenue. The candy bar comes in so many flavors and styles now that the brand is better known now for it’s name than for the recipe that makes it unique.
In the 1890s in Minnesota a young boy suffering from polio was introduced to the art of making confectionary by his mother who feared he was bored but also couldn’t risk his fragile state and let him out to play. That little boy was Frank C Mars, the founder of the Mars food empire that is known throughout the world for the Snickers, Mars, M&Ms, and Skittles candy brands.
Frank took to making candy like a duck to water and at the age of 19 was selling molasses chips, and a few years later had started his own factory making chocolate candy with his wife Ethel. Unfortunately, Frank and Ethel’s first candy business had to close, forcing Frank to rethink the candy he was making. Some would say this was a good thing since his previous products were fairly run of the mill and essentially the same as every other candy maker.
In 1930, after three years product development, Frank Mars finally invented the Snickers candy bar which was filled with a peanut nougat base topped with whole peanuts and surrounded in Hershey milk chocolate. The Mars company had been successful with another product in the 1920s, the Milky Way candy bar, and Frank wanted a name for his new candy bar that would capture his customer’s imagination in the same way.
Around that time Ethel’s favorite horse passed away on their farm in Tennessee that they had named after the Milky Way candy bar. Ethel’s horse had been named Snickers, and after a few days of agonizing over the new candy bar name, none of which seemed suitable, Frank suddenly decided that if the Tennessee farm could be named after a chocolate candy bar, then why couldn’t a candy bar be named after a horse.
Snickers had been a race horse, and by all accounts a fine animal too, so Mars decided to advertise the Snickers candy bar as a sport performance candy bar. The high calorie count of the candy meant that a single serve could give a quick boost of energy to any athlete, and all Snickers publicity has since featured athletes or people engaged in physical activity.
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Who Invented Chocolate
Chocolate is a type of food that is usually sold as a sweet, dessert, or in drink form, and is processed from the Cacao bean which is native to South America. The cacao bean is actually considered a vegetable and the pulp within the fruit is edible, thought the seed inside the fruit needs to be roasted before it can be used to make chocolate.
Indian people from South America have used the pulp of the cacao fruit for thousands of years to make an alcoholic drink, while the beans were roasted and ground to make a hot drink that would be served at religious ceremonies. Around 1500 BC people from Puerto Escondido, an ancient ruin in Honduras, were storing ground cacao beans in pottery jars that archeologists believe were used by the upper strata of society for important events.
Mayan and Aztec people believed the cacao tree had been given to them by the gods, in fact Aztec legend was that the god Quetzalcoatl brought the cacao from the heavens to the sacred gardens of the Aztec priests. The chocolate bean became so valuable that it was used as a form of currency by South American indians, and was given the name black gold by Spanish conquistadors who introduced chocolate to Europe.
Until the 1870s chocolate in Europe and North America was simply a beverage, and would often be mixed with spices to improve the taste. The man most responsible for inventing chocolate that could be eaten was a Swiss man named Daniel Peter, whose candle factory was going bankrupt due to the popularity of oil lamps. Peter married a local chocolate maker’s daughter and set about producing a solid chocolate that could be eaten.
His next door neighbor, Henri Nestlé had just perfected the recipe for powdered milk and the two collaborated to produce solid chocolate. By a strange quirk of fate, Daniel Peter’s original chocolate company was bought by his North American distributors, Lamont, Corliss and Company in 1908, which was in turn bought by Nestlé in 1951 and then changed name to Nestlé Chocolates.
Rodolph Lindt, another chocolate maker liked Peter’s recipe so much he invented a process in 1879 for making even smoother chocolate that would melt in the mouth, which was soon copied by every other major chocolate producer on both sides of the Atlantic. Filled chocolates finally became available in 1913 when another Swissman invented the moulds and a quick setting recipe.
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Who invented Bubblegum
For thousands of years people around the world have been chewing gum, the ancient Greeks flavored gum they got from the mastic tree, while Mayan people chewed gum they got from the sapodilla tree, but of course chewing gum in the US comes directly from the habit of native American Indians who used to chew the sap of spruce trees, which by the mid 1800s had been commercialized and was growing in popularity.
Competing inventors for the claim of first to produce bubblegum Frank Fleer of the Fleer Chewing Gum Company, and Peter Meijer of the Meijer Company are both believed to have created their bubblegum inventions in 1906. Unfortunately both recipes were unsuitable, being too sticky and never went to market though Fleer named his recipe Blibber-Blubber. Their publicity however started a craze with people all of the US wanting bubblegum and leading to many fraudsters popping up who claimed to have a gum that would blow bubbles.
In 1924 a company based in Shelby, Ohio marketed the first bubblegum nationally which they called Blow Gum, a product which is no longer available but in its day was very popular amongst children who wanted to collect the trading cards packaged with Blow Gum. Legend has it that bubblegum from the Shelby Gum Company never really blew very big bubbles, it was mostly only capable of being popped outside the lips.
The first true bubblegum available is the gum made by the Fleer Chewing Gum Company who finally perfected their recipe in 1928 and marketed it as Dubble Bubble. According to Fleer company history, the recipe for bubblegum was invented by one of the company’s accountants, Walter Diemer who enjoyed experimenting with gum recipes in his spare time.
Controversy surrounds the claim that Walter Diemer is the inventor of bubblegum since no known patents under his name exist, whereas patents for enhancing chewing gum exist from 1928 and 1930 submitted by Gilbert Mustin, the president of Fleer at that time. Research amongst patent experts suggests these patents don’t actually describe bubblegum, but instead just a process for packaging chewing gum.
The first patent ever issued by the US Patent Office to relate specifically to bubblegum was to a Katie Wilcox in 1936 and described a recipe for bubblegum which she called ‘bubble chewing gum’ in her application, but there is no record if her gum was ever produced.
From the early 1930s the Fleer company would organize regular bubble blowing competitions which often ended in contestants having gum stuck all over their faces. In 1975 the LifeSavers company corrected this with their invention of soft bubblegum known as Bubble Yum that could be easily peeled off the face and hands if a bubble burst. Soon after, Hubba Bubba, and Bubbilicious entered the market and redefined how bubbles are blown with bubblegum.
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